PGREP(1)
NAME
pgrep, pkill - look up or signal processes based on name and other
attributes
SYNOPSIS
pgrep [-cflvx] [-d delimiter] [-n|-o] [-P ppid,...] [-g pgrp,...] [-s sid,...] [-u euid,...] [-U uid,...] [-G gid,...] [-t term,...] [pattern] pkill [-signal] [-fvx] [-n|-o] [-P ppid,...] [-g pgrp,...] [-s sid,...] [-u euid,...] [-U uid,...] [-G gid,...] [-t term,...] [pattern]
DESCRIPTION
- pgrep looks through the currently running processes and lists the
process IDs which matches the selection criteria to stdout. All the
criteria have to match. For example, - $ pgrep -u root sshd
- will only list the processes called sshd AND owned by root. On the other hand,
$ pgrep -u root,daemon- will list the processes owned by root OR daemon.
- pkill will send the specified signal (by default SIGTERM) to each process instead of listing them on stdout.
OPTIONS
- -c Suppress normal output; instead print a count of matching pro
- cesses.
- -d delimiter
- Sets the string used to delimit each process ID in the output
(by default a newline). (pgrep only.) - -f The pattern is normally only matched against the process name.
- When -f is set, the full command line is used.
- -g pgrp,...
- Only match processes in the process group IDs listed. Process
group 0 is translated into pgrep's or pkill's own process group. - -G gid,...
- Only match processes whose real group ID is listed. Either the numerical or symbolical value may be used.
- -l List the process name as well as the process ID. (pgrep only.)
- -n Select only the newest (most recently started) of the matching
- processes.
- -o Select only the oldest (least recently started) of the matching
- processes.
- -P ppid,...
- Only match processes whose parent process ID is listed.
- -s sid,...
- Only match processes whose process session ID is listed. Session ID 0 is translated into pgrep's or pkill's own session ID.
- -t term,...
- Only match processes whose controlling terminal is listed. The terminal name should be specified without the "/dev/" prefix.
- -u euid,...
- Only match processes whose effective user ID is listed. Either the numerical or symbolical value may be used.
- -U uid,...
- Only match processes whose real user ID is listed. Either the
numerical or symbolical value may be used. - -v Negates the matching.
- -x Only match processes whose name (or command line if -f is speci
- fied) exactly match the pattern.
- -signal
- Defines the signal to send to each matched process. Either the numeric or the symbolic signal name can be used. (pkill only.)
OPERANDS
- pattern
- Specifies an Extended Regular Expression for matching against
the process names or command lines.
EXAMPLES
- Example 1: Find the process ID of the named daemon:
- $ pgrep -u root named
- Example 2: Make syslog reread its configuration file:
$ pkill -HUP syslogd- Example 3: Give detailed information on all xterm processes:
$ ps -fp $(pgrep -d, -x xterm)- Example 4: Make all netscape processes run nicer:
$ renice +4 `pgrep netscape`
EXIT STATUS
0 One or more processes matched the criteria.
1 No processes matched.
2 Syntax error in the command line.
3 Fatal error: out of memory etc.
NOTES
The process name used for matching is limited to the 15 characters
present in the output of /proc/pid/stat. Use the -f option to match
against the complete command line, /proc/pid/cmdline.
The running pgrep or pkill process will never report itself as a match.
BUGS
The options -n and -o and -v can not be combined. Let me know if you
need to do this.
Defunct processes are reported.
SEE ALSO
ps(1), regex(7), signal(7), killall(1), skill(1), kill(1), kill(2)
STANDARDS
pkill and pgrep were introduced in Sun's Solaris 7. This implementation is fully compatible.
AUTHOR
Kjetil Torgrim Homme <kjetilho@ifi.uio.no>
Albert Cahalan <albert@users.sf.net> is the current maintainer of the
procps package.
- Please send bug reports to <procps-feedback@lists.sf.net>