unix2dos(1)
NAME
unix2dos - UNIX to DOS/MAC text file format converter
SYNOPSYS
unix2dos [options] [-c convmode] [-o file ...] [-n infile outfile ...]
Options:
[-fhkLlqV] [--force] [--help] [--keepdate] [--license] [--newline]
[--quiet] [--version]
DESCRIPTION
Unix2dos converts text files in UNIX format to DOS/MAC format. Binary
files and non-regular files, such as soft links, are automatically
skipped, unless conversion is forced.
Unix2dos has a few conversion modes similar to unix2dos under
SunOS/Solaris.
In DOS/Windows text files line endings exist out of a combination of
two characters: a Carriage Return (CR) followed by a Line Feed (LF).
In Unix text files line endings exists out of a single Newline character which is equal to a DOS Line Feed (LF) character. In Mac text
files, prior to Mac OS X, line endings exist out of a single Carriage
Return character. Mac OS X is Unix based and has the same line endings
as Unix.
OPTIONS
The following options are available:
- -c --convmode convmode
- Set conversion mode. Where convmode is one of: ascii, 7bit, iso, mac with ascii being the default.
- -f --force
- Force conversion of all files. Also binary files.
- -h --help
- Display online help.
- -k --keepdate
- Keep the date stamp of output file same as input file.
- -L --license
- Display software license.
- -l --newline
- Add additional newline. Only Unix line endings are changed to two DOS line endings. In Mac mode Unix line endings are changed to two Mac line endings.
- -n --newfile infile outfile ...
- New file mode. Convert the infile and write output to outfile. File names must be given in pairs and wildcard names should NOT be used or you WILL lose your files.
- -o --oldfile file ...
- Old file mode. Convert the file and write output to it. The program default to run in this mode. Wildcard names may be used.
- -q --quiet
- Quiet mode. Suppress all warning and messages.
- -V --version
- Display version information.
CONVERSION MODES
Conversion modes ascii , 7bit , and iso are similar to those of
unix2dos under SunOS/Solaris.
- ascii In this mode Unix line endings are converted to DOS line end
- ings. DOS and Mac line endings are not changed.
- Although the name of this mode is ASCII, which is a 7 bit standard, the actual mode is 8 bit.
- mac In this mode Unix line endings are converted to Mac line end
- ings. DOS and Mac line endigs are not changed.
- 7bit In this mode Unix line endings are converted to DOS line end
- ings. All 8 bit non-ASCII characters (with values from 128 to 255) are converted to a space.
- iso In this mode Unix line endings are converted to DOS line end
- ings. Characters are converted from ISO character set ISO-8859-1 to DOS character set (code page) CP437. ISO-8859-1 characters without CP437 equivalent, for which conversion is not possible, are converted to a dot. CP437 is mainly used in the USA. In Western Europe CP850 is more standard.
- Another option to convert text files between different encodings is to use unix2dos in combination with iconv(1). Iconv can convert between a long list of character encodings. Some examples:
- Convert from Unix Latin-1 to DOS DOSLatinUS
- unix2dos < in.txt | iconv -f ISO-8859-1 -t CP437 > out.txt
- Convert from Unix Latin-1 to DOS DOSLatin1
- unix2dos < in.txt | iconv -f ISO-8859-1 -t CP850 > out.txt
- Convert from Unix Latin-1 to Windows WinLatin1
- unix2dos < in.txt | iconv -f ISO-8859-1 -t CP1252 > out.txt
- Convert from Unix UTF-8 (Unicode) to Windows WinLatin1
- unix2dos < in.txt | iconv -f UTF-8 -t CP1252 in.txt > out.txt
- Convert from Unix UTF-8 (Unicode) to Windows UTF-16 (Unicode)
- unix2dos < in.txt | iconv -f UTF-8 -t UTF-16 > out.txt
- See also <http://czyborra.com/charsets/codepages.html>
and <http://czyborra.com/charsets/iso8859.html>.
UNICODE
Unicode files can be encoded in different encodings. On Unix/Linux Unicode files are mostly encoded in UTF-8 encoding. UTF-8 is ASCII compatible. UTF-8 files can be in DOS, Unix or Mac format. It is safe to run
dos2unix/unix2dos on UTF-8 encoded files. On Windows mostly UTF-16
encoding is used for Unicode files. Dos2unix/unix2dos should not be run
on UTF-16 files. UTF-16 files are automatically skipped, because it are
binary files.
EXAMPLES
- Get input from stdin and write output to stdout.
- unix2dos
- Convert and replace a.txt. Convert and replace b.txt.
unix2dos a.txt b.txt- unix2dos -o a.txt b.txt
- Convert and replace a.txt in ascii conversion mode. Convert and replace b.txt in 7bit conversion mode.
unix2dos a.txt -c 7bit b.txt- unix2dos -c ascii a.txt -c 7bit b.txt
- Convert a.txt from Unix to Mac format.
dos2unix -c mac a.txt- unix2mac a.txt
- Convert and replace a.txt while keeping original date stamp.
unix2dos -k a.txt- unix2dos -k -o a.txt
- Convert a.txt and write to e.txt.
unix2dos -n a.txt e.txt- Convert a.txt and write to e.txt, keep date stamp of e.txt same as a.txt.
unix2dos -k -n a.txt e.txt- Convert and replace a.txt. Convert b.txt and write to e.txt.
unix2dos a.txt -n b.txt e.txt- unix2dos -o a.txt -n b.txt e.txt
- Convert c.txt and write to e.txt. Convert and replace a.txt. Convert and replace b.txt. Convert d.txt and write to f.txt.
unix2dos -n c.txt e.txt -o a.txt b.txt -n d.txt f.txt
AUTHORS
Benjamin Lin - <blin@socs.uts.edu.au>
Erwin Waterlander - <waterlan@xs4all.nl>
Project page: http://www.xs4all.nl/~waterlan/dos2unix.html
SourceForge page: http://sourceforge.net/projects/dos2unix/
Freshmeat: http://freshmeat.net/projects/dos2unix