rsa(3)

NAME

Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA - RSA encoding and decoding, using the openSSL
libraries

SYNOPSIS

use Crypt::OpenSSL::Random;
use Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA;
# not necessary if we have /dev/random:
Crypt::OpenSSL::Random::random_seed($good_entropy);
Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA->import_random_seed();
$rsa_pub = Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA->new_public_key($key_string);
$rsa_pub->use_sslv23_padding(); # use_pkcs1_oaep_padding is the default
$ciphertext = $rsa->encrypt($plaintext);
$rsa_priv = Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA->new_private_key($key_string);
$plaintext = $rsa->encrypt($ciphertext);
$rsa = Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA->generate_key(1024); # or
$rsa = Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA->generate_key(1024, $prime);
print "private key is:\n", $rsa->get_private_key_string();
print "public key (in PKCS1 format) is:\n",
      $rsa->get_public_key_string();
print "public key (in X509 format) is:\n",
      $rsa->get_public_key_x509_string();
$rsa_priv->use_md5_hash(); # use_sha1_hash is the default
$signature = $rsa_priv->sign($plaintext);
print "Signed correctly\n" if ($rsa->verify($plaintext, $signature));

DESCRIPTION

Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA provides the ability to RSA encrypt strings which
are somewhat shorter than the block size of a key. It also allows for decryption, signatures and signature verification.

NOTE: Many of the methods in this package can croak, so use eval, or Error.pm's try/catch mechanism to capture errors. Also, while some
methods from earlier versions of this package return true on success,
this (never documented) behavior is no longer the case.

Class Methods

new_public_key: Create a new Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA object by loading a public key in from a string containing Base64/DER-encoding of either the PKCS1 or X.509 representation of the key. The string should include the
-----BEGIN...----- and -----END...----- lines.; The padding is set to PKCS1_OAEP, but can be changed with the
use_xxx_padding methods
new_private_key: Create a new Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA object by loading a private key in from an string containing the Base64/DER encoding of the PKCS1 representation of the key. The string should include the
-----BEGIN...----- and -----END...----- lines. The padding is set to PKCS1_OAEP, but can be changed with use_xxx_padding.
generate_key: Create a new Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA object by constructing a private/public key pair. The first (mandetory) argument is the key
size, while the second optional argument specifies the public exponent (the default public exponent is 65537). The padding is set to PKCS1_OAEP, but can be changed with use_xxx_padding methods.
new_key_from_parameters: Given Crypt::OpenSSL::Bignum objects for n, e, and optionally d, p, and q, where p and q are the prime factors of n, e is the public
exponent and d is the private exponent, create a new
Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA object using these values. If p and q are provided and d is undef, d is computed. Note that while p and q are
not necessary for a private key, their presence will speed up computation.
import_random_seed: Import a random seed from Crypt::OpenSSL::Random, since the OpenSSL libraries won't allow sharing of random structures across perl XS
modules.

Instance Methods

DESTROY: Clean up after ourselves. In particular, erase and free the memory occupied by the RSA key structure.
get_public_key_string: Return the Base64/DER-encoded PKCS1 representation of the public
key. This string has header and footer lines:

-----BEGIN RSA PUBLIC KEY----------END RSA PUBLIC KEY-----; get_public_key_x509_string
Return the Base64/DER-encoded representation of the "subject public key", suitable for use in X509 certificates. This string has
header and footer lines:

-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY----------END PUBLIC KEY-----

and is the format that is produced by running "openssl rsa -pubout".; get_private_key_string
Return the DER-encoded PKCS1 representation of the private key.; encrypt
Encrypt a binary "string" using the public (portion of the) key.; decrypt
Decrypt a binary "string". Croaks if the key is public only.; private_encrypt
Encrypt a binary "string" using the private key. Croaks if the key is public only.; public_decrypt
Decrypt a binary "string" using the public (portion of the) key.; sign
Sign a string using the secret (portion of the) key.; verify
Check the signature on a text.; use_no_padding
Use raw RSA encryption. This mode should only be used to implement cryptographically sound padding modes in the application code.
Encrypting user data directly with RSA is insecure.; use_pkcs1_padding
Use PKCS #1 v1.5 padding. This currently is the most widely used
mode of padding.; use_pkcs1_oaep_padding
Use EME-OAEP padding as defined in PKCS #1 v2.0 with SHA-1, MGF1
and an empty encoding parameter. This mode of padding is recommended for all new applications. It is the default mode used by
Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA.; use_sslv23_padding
Use PKCS #1 v1.5 padding with an SSL-specific modification that
denotes that the server is SSL3 capable.; use_md5_hash
Use the RFC 1321 MD5 hashing algorithm by Ron Rivest when signing
and verifying messages.; use_sha1_hash
Use the RFC 3174 Secure Hashing Algorithm (FIPS 180-1) when signing and verifying messages. This is the default.; use_sha224_hash, use_sha256_hash, use_sha384_hash, use_sha512_hash
These FIPS 180-2 hash algorithms, for use when signing and verifying messages, are only available with newer openssl versions (>=
0.9.8).; use_ripemd160_hash
Dobbertin, Bosselaers and Preneel's RIPEMD hashing algorithm when
signing and verifying messages.; size
Returns the size, in bytes, of the key. All encrypted text will be of this size, and depending on the padding mode used, the length of the text to be encrypted should be:

pkcs1_oaep_padding
at most 42 bytes less than this size.

pkcs1_padding or sslv23_padding

at most 11 bytes less than this size.

no_padding

exactly this size.
check_key: This function validates the RSA key, returning a true value if the key is valid, and a false value otherwise. Croaks if the key is
public only.
get_key_parameters: Return Crypt::OpenSSL::Bignum objects representing the values of n, e, d, p, q, d mod (p-1), d mod (q-1), and 1/q mod p, where p and q are the prime factors of n, e is the public exponent and d is the
private exponent. Some of these values may return as undef; only n and e will be defined for a public key. The Crypt::OpenSSL::Bignum module must be installed for this to work.
is_private: Return true if this is a private key, and false if it is private
only.

BUGS

There is a small memory leak when generating new keys of more than 512 bits.

AUTHOR

Ian Robertson, iroberts@cpan.org. For support, please email
perl-openssl-users@lists.sourceforge.net.

docs.sk

comprehensive documentation repository

In section

See also