netgraph(3)

NAME

NgMkSockNode, NgNameNode, NgSendMsg, NgSendAsciiMsg,

NgSendMsgReply

NgRecvMsg, NgAllocRecvMsg, NgRecvAsciiMsg,

NgAllocRecvAsciiMsg

NgSendData, NgRecvData, NgAllocRecvData, NgSetDebug,

NgSetErrLog

graph user library

LIBRARY

library ``libnetgraph''

SYNOPSIS

#include <netgraph.h>
int
NgMkSockNode(const char *name, int *csp, int *dsp);
int
NgNameNode(int cs, const char *path, const char *fmt, ...);
int
NgSendMsg(int  cs,  const  char  *path, int cookie, int cmd,
const void *arg,
        size_t arglen);
int
NgSendAsciiMsg(int cs, const char *path,  const  char  *fmt,
...);
int
NgSendMsgReply(int  cs,  const  char  *path,  struct ng_mesg
*msg,
        const void *arg, size_t arglen);
int
NgRecvMsg(int cs, struct ng_mesg *rep, size_t  replen,  char
*path);
int
NgAllocRecvMsg(int cs, struct ng_mesg **rep, char *path);
int
NgRecvAsciiMsg(int  cs,  struct ng_mesg *rep, size_t replen,
char *path);
int
NgAllocRecvAsciiMsg(int  cs,  struct  ng_mesg  **rep,   char
*path);
int
NgSendData(int  ds,  const  char  *hook,  const u_char *buf,
size_t len);
int
NgRecvData(int ds, u_char *buf, size_t len, char *hook);
int
NgAllocRecvData(int ds, u_char **buf, char *hook);
int
NgSetDebug(int level);
void
NgSetErrLog(void (*log)(const char *fmt, ...),
        void (*logx)(const char *fmt, ...));

DESCRIPTION

These functions facilitate user-mode program participation
in the kernel
netgraph(4) graph-based networking system, by utilizing the
netgraph
socket node type (see ng_socket(4)).
The NgMkSockNode() function should be called first, to cre
ate a new
socket type netgraph node with associated control and data
sockets. If
name is non-NULL, the node will have that global name as
signed to it.
The csp and dsp arguments will be set to the newly opened
control and
data sockets associated with the node; either csp or dsp may
be NULL if
only one socket is desired. The NgMkSockNode() function
loads the socket
node type KLD if it is not already loaded.
The NgNameNode() function assigns a global name to the node
addressed by
path.
The NgSendMsg() function sends a binary control message from
the socket
node associated with control socket cs to the node addressed
by path.
The cookie indicates how to interpret cmd, which indicates a
specific
command. Extra argument data (if any) is specified by arg
and arglen.
The cookie, cmd, and argument data are defined by the header
file corresponding to the type of the node being addressed. The
unique, non-negative token value chosen for use in the message header is re
turned. This
value is typically used to associate replies.
Use NgSendMsgReply() to send reply to a previously received
control message. The original message header should be pointed to by
msg.
The NgSendAsciiMsg() function performs the same function as

NgSendMsg

but adds support for ASCII encoding of control messages.
The
NgSendAsciiMsg() function formats its input a la printf(3)
and then sends
the resulting ASCII string to the node in a NGM_ASCII2BINARY
control message. The node returns a binary version of the message,
which is then
sent back to the node just as with NgSendMsg(). As with

NgSendMsg

message token value is returned. Note that ASCII conversion
may not be
supported by all node types.
The NgRecvMsg() function reads the next control message re
ceived by the
node associated with control socket cs. The message and any
extra argument data must fit in replen bytes. If path is non-NULL, it
must point
to a buffer of at least NG_PATHSIZ bytes, which will be
filled in (and
NUL terminated) with the path to the node from which the
message was
received.
The length of the control message is returned. A return
value of zero
indicates that the socket was closed.
The NgAllocRecvMsg() function works exactly like

NgRecvMsg

the buffer for a message is dynamically allocated to guaran
tee that a
message is not truncated. The size of the buffer is equal
to the
socket's receive buffer size. The caller is responsible for
freeing the
buffer when it is no longer required.
The NgRecvAsciiMsg() function works exactly like

NgRecvMsg

after the message is received, any binary arguments are con
verted to
ASCII by sending a NGM_BINARY2ASCII request back to the
originating node.
The result is the same as NgRecvMsg(), with the exception
that the reply
arguments field will contain a NUL-terminated ASCII version
of the arguments (and the reply header argument length field will be
adjusted).
The NgAllocRecvAsciiMsg() function works exactly like

NgRecvAsciiMsg

except that the buffer for a message is dynamically allocat
ed to guarantee that a message is not truncated. The size of the buffer
is equal to
the socket's receive buffer size. The caller is responsible
for freeing
the buffer when it is no longer required.
The NgSendData() function writes a data packet out on the
specified hook
of the node corresponding to data socket ds. The node must
already be
connected to some other node via that hook.
The NgRecvData() function reads the next data packet (of up
to len bytes)
received by the node corresponding to data socket ds and
stores it in
buf, which must be large enough to hold the entire packet.
If hook is
non-NULL, it must point to a buffer of at least NG_HOOKSIZ
bytes, which
will be filled in (and NUL terminated) with the name of the
hook on which
the data was received.
The length of the packet is returned. A return value of ze
ro indicates
that the socket was closed.
The NgAllocRecvData() function works exactly like

NgRecvData

that the buffer for a data packet is dynamically allocated
to guarantee
that a data packet is not truncated. The size of the buffer
is equal to
the socket's receive buffer size. The caller is responsible
for freeing
the buffer when it is no longer required.
The NgSetDebug() and NgSetErrLog() functions are used for
debugging. The
NgSetDebug() function sets the debug level (if non-nega
tive), and returns
the old setting. Higher debug levels result in more ver
bosity. The
default is zero. All debug and error messages are logged
via the functions specified in the most recent call to NgSetErrLog().
The default
logging functions are vwarn(3) and vwarnx(3).
At debug level 3, the library attempts to display control
message arguments in ASCII format; however, this results in additional
messages being
sent which may interfere with debugging. At even higher
levels, even
these additional messages will be displayed, etc.
Note that select(2) can be used on the data and the control
sockets to
detect the presence of incoming data and control messages,
respectively.
Data and control packets are always written and read atomi
cally, i.e., in
one whole piece.
User mode programs must be linked with the -lnetgraph flag
to link in
this library.

INITIALIZATION

To enable netgraph in your kernel, either your kernel must
be compiled
with options NETGRAPH in the kernel configuration file, or
else the
netgraph(4) and ng_socket(4) KLD modules must have been
loaded via
kldload(8).

RETURN VALUES

The NgSetDebug() function returns the previous debug set
ting.
The NgSetErrLog() function has no return value.
All other functions return -1 if there was an error and set
errno accordingly.
A return value of zero from NgRecvMsg() or NgRecvData() in
dicates that
the netgraph socket has been closed.
For NgSendAsciiMsg() and NgRecvAsciiMsg(), the following ad
ditional
errors are possible:
[ENOSYS] The node type does not know how to encode
or decode
the control message.
[ERANGE] The encoded or decoded arguments were too
long for the
supplied buffer.
[ENOENT] An unknown structure field was seen in an
ASCII con
trol message.
[EALREADY] The same structure field was specified
twice in an
ASCII control message.
[EINVAL] ASCII control message parse error or il
legal value.
[E2BIG] ASCII control message array or fixed
width string
buffer overflow.

SEE ALSO

select(2), socket(2), warnx(3), kld(4), netgraph(4),
ng_socket(4)

HISTORY

The netgraph system was designed and first implemented at
Whistle Communications, Inc. in a version of FreeBSD 2.2 customized for
the Whistle
InterJet.

AUTHORS

Archie Cobbs <archie@FreeBSD.org>
BSD January 27, 2004
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