english(5)

NAME

english - flag format for English ispell dictionaries

DESCRIPTION

English dictionaries for ispell(1) supports 3 prefix and 14 suffix flags. For a detailed description of how ispell handles flags and capitalization, see ispell(5). This manual page only describes flags usable in dictionaries
built using the english.aff affix file.

In the following discussion of the flags, let # and @ be
"variables" that can stand for any letter. Upper case
letters are constants. "..." stands for any string of
zero or more letters, but note that no word may exist in
the dictionary which is not at least 2 letters long, so,
for example, "fly" may not be produced by placing the "Y"
flag on "f". Also, no flag is effective unless the word
that it creates is at least 4 letters long, so, for exam
ple, "wed" may not be produced by placing the "D" flag on
"we".

In the following list, an asterisk indicates that a flag
participates in cross-product formation (see ispell(5)).

The meaning of the prefix flags is as follows:

*A

... --> re... as in cover --> recover

*I

... --> in... as in firm --> infirm

*U

... --> un... as in able --> unable

The meaning of the suffix flags is as follows:

V

...e --> ...ive as in create --> creative
if # .ne. e, ...# --> ...#ive as in prevent -->

preventive

*N

...e --> ...ion as in create --> creation
...y --> ...ication as in multiply --> multiplica

tion

if # .ne. e or y, ...# --> ...#en as in fall -->

fallen

*X

...e --> ...ions as in create --> creations
...y --> ...ications as in multiply --> multipli

cations

if # .ne. e or y, ...# --> ...#ens as in weak -->

weakens

H

...y --> ...ieth as in twenty --> twentieth
if # .ne. y, ...# --> ...#th as in hundred -->

hundredth

*Y

... --> ...ly as in quick --> quickly

*G

...e --> ...ing as in file --> filing
if # .ne. e, ...# --> ...#ing as in cross -->

crossing

*J

...e --> ...ings as in file --> filings
if # .ne. e, ...# --> ...#ings as in cross -->

crossings

*D

...e --> ...ed as in create --> created
if @ .ne. a, e, i, o, or u, ...@y --> ...@ied as

in imply --> implied

if # .ne. e or y, or (# = y and @ = a, e, i, o, or

u) ...@# --> ...@#ed as in cross --> crossed
or convey --> conveyed

T

...e --> ...est as in late --> latest
if @ .ne. a, e, i, o, or u, ...@y --> ...@iest as

in dirty --> dirtiest

if # .ne. e or y, or (# = y and @ = a, e, i, o, or

u) ...@# --> ...@#est as in small --> small
est or gray --> grayest

*R

...e --> ...er as in skate --> skater
if @ .ne. a, e, i, o, or u, ...@y --> ...@ier as

in multiply --> multiplier

if # .ne. e or y, or (# = y and @ = a, e, i, o, or

u) ...@# --> ...@#er as in build --> builder
or convey --> conveyer

*Z

...e --> ...ers as in skate --> skaters
if @ .ne. a, e, i, o, or u, ...@y --> ...@iers as

in multiply --> multipliers

if # .ne. e or y, or (# = y and @ = a, e, i, o, or

u) ...@# --> ...@#ers as in build -->
builders or slay --> slayers

*S

if @ .ne. a, e, i, o, or u, ...@y --> ...@ies as

in imply --> implies

if # .eq. s, x, z, or h, ...# --> ...#es as in fix

--> fixes

if # .ne. s, x, z, h, or y, or (# = y and @ = a, e,

i, o, or u) ...@# --> ...@#s as in bat -->
bats or convey --> conveys

if @ .ne. a, e, i, o, or u, ...@y --> ...@iness as

in cloudy --> cloudiness

if # .ne. y, or @ = a, e, i, o, or u, ...@# -->

...@#ness as in late --> lateness or gray -->
grayness

*M

... --> ...'s as in dog --> dog's

To summarize more briefly:

Prefixes:

*A - re
*I - in
*U - un

Suffixes:

V - ive
*N - ion, tion, en
*X - ions, ications, ens
H - th, ieth
*Y - ly
*G - ing
*J - ings
*D - ed
T - est
*R - er
*Z - ers
*S - s, es, ies
*P - ness, iness
*M - 's

SEE ALSO

ispell(1), ispell(5)

ENGLISH(5)