init.d(7)
NAME
INIT.D - The SuSE boot concept
SYNOPSIS
/etc/init.d/* /etc/sysconfig
DESCRIPTION
The scripts for controlling the system are placed in
/etc/init.d/ (they have been moved accordingly to the
Linux Standard Base (LSB) specification). These scripts
are executed directly or indirectly by /sbin/init, the
father of all processes. The configuration of /sbin/init
is given by the file /etc/inittab (see inittab(5)).
At boot time, the boot level master script
/etc/init.d/boot is called to initialise the system (e.g.
file system check, ...). It also executes some hardware
init scripts linked into /etc/init.d/boot.d/. Then it
calls /etc/init.d/boot.local, which executes the local
commands.
After system startup, /sbin/init will normally switch on the default run level given in /etc/inittab. It calls the run level master script /etc/init.d/rc to start or stop services provided by the other scripts under /etc/init.d/.
To control the services of a run level, the corresponding
scripts are linked into run level directories
/etc/init.d/rc<X>.d/, where <X>=0,1,2,3,4,5,6,S is the run
level number.
There are two kinds of symbolic link: start links, which
are called when entering a run level, and stop links,
which are called when leaving a run level. Note that each
service in the run levels 2, 3, 4, and 5 consists of a
start and a stop link. Within SuSE boot concept a differ_
ential link scheme is used to be able to change a runlevel
in comparision with the former level.
To avoid redundant starts when changing run levels only
those services are started, which have no start link in
the previous run level. And to avoid redundant stops when
changing run levels, only those services are stopped which
have no start link in the current level. To control this
behaviour, the names of the scripts are added on the names
of the start and stop links.
To control the order of service starts and stops, the
start and stop links include a number in their link name.
- The system configuration files in /etc/sysconfig contain
most of the variables used to configure the installed ser
vices. These variables can easily be changed by YaST or
by using an editor. After using an editor, the script
/sbin/SuSEconfig must be called to distribute the settings into the system. - Some details
- The script /etc/init.d/lpd starts or stops the line
printer daemon for the printing service, according to the
flag used:
/etc/init.d/lpd start - and
/etc/init.d/lpd stop - To do this automatically in run level 3, this script is
linked into /etc/init.d/rc3.d/ with these two symbolic links
/etc/init.d/rc3.d/S20lpd -> ../lpd - and
/etc/init.d/rc3.d/K20lpd -> ../lpd - The corresponding link with the letter S is used to start
a service. For the printing service the number between the
letter S and the name should be greater than the number of
the start link of the network service. The corresponding
link with the letter K is used to stop a service. The num
ber of the stop link for the printing service should be
less than that of the stop link for the network service so
that the printer daemon is stopped before shutting down
the network service. - Run levels and their services
- 0 This level is used for halting the system. The only
valid service for this level is the script halt,
which is linked into /etc/init.d/rc0.d/. The script halt executes /etc/init.d/halt.local. Spe cials system issues for halt or reboot should be
added there. - 6 This level is used for rebooting the system. The
only valid service for this level is the script
reboot, which is linked into /etc/init.d/rc6.d/. The script reboot executes /etc/init.d/halt.local. Specials system issues for halt or reboot should be
added there. - S This mode is used to switch from boot phase into
single user mode. The last valid service for this
mode is the script single, which is linked into /etc/init.d/rcS.d/. In this mode you have only one console. - 1 Accordingly to the Linux Standard Base (LSB) speci
fication this runlevel is used to switch from nor
mal runlevel into single user mode. This is dif ferent from former SuSE Linux versions! - 2 The run level 2 is without remote networking. Note
that on some other systems this is identical with
the single user mode. This run level can have more
than one virtual console. - 3 The run level 3 is with network. This run level is
for server stations not automatically running X.
- 5 The level 5 is with network and xdm(1). You should
have a configured and perfectly running X Window System for this work station run level.
- 4 The run level 4 is not (yet) used.
- /etc/init.d/skeleton
This script is a model for writing your own. You
can use insserv(8) to include your own script into a run level.
FILES
/etc/init.d/*
/etc/init.d/boot
/etc/init.d/boot.local
/etc/init.d/halt
/etc/init.d/halt.local
/etc/init.d/rc
/etc/init.d/reboot
/etc/init.d/skeleton
/etc/init.d/single
/etc/init.d/boot.d/S[0-9][0-9]*
/etc/init.d/rc0.d/{K,S}[0-9][0-9]*
/etc/init.d/rc1.d/{K,S}[0-9][0-9]*
/etc/init.d/rc2.d/{K,S}[0-9][0-9]*
/etc/init.d/rc3.d/{K,S}[0-9][0-9]*
/etc/init.d/rc4.d/{K,S}[0-9][0-9]*
/etc/init.d/rc5.d/{K,S}[0-9][0-9]*
/etc/init.d/rc6.d/{K,S}[0-9][0-9]*
/etc/init.d/rcS.d/{K,S}[0-9][0-9]*
/etc/inittab
/etc/sysconfig
SEE ALSO
insserv(8), init(8), inittab(5), and the SuSE Linux hand book, chapter The SuSE boot concept.
COPYRIGHT
1996-2002 SuSE Linux AG, Nuernberg, Germany.
AUTHORS
- Florian La Roche <http://www.suse.de/feedback>, Werner
Fink <werner@suse.de>, Burchard Steinbild
<http://www.suse.de/feedback>.