insert(7)
NAME
INSERT - create new rows in a table
SYNOPSIS
INSERT INTO table [ ( column [, ...] ) ] { DEFAULT VALUES | VALUES ( { expression | DEFAULT } [, ...] ) | query }
DESCRIPTION
INSERT inserts new rows into a table. One can insert a single row specified by value expressions, or several rows as a result of a query.
The target column names may be listed in any order. If no list of column names is given at all, the default is all the columns of the table
in their declared order; or the first N column names, if there are only
N columns supplied by the VALUES clause or query. The values supplied
by the VALUES clause or query are associated with the explicit or
implicit column list left-to-right.
Each column not present in the explicit or implicit column list will be
filled with a default value, either its declared default value or null
if there is none.
If the expression for any column is not of the correct data type, automatic type conversion will be attempted.
You must have INSERT privilege to a table in order to insert into it.
If you use the query clause to insert rows from a query, you also need
to have SELECT privilege on any table used in the query.
PARAMETERS
table The name (optionally schema-qualified) of an existing table.
- column The name of a column in table. The column name can be qualified
- with a subfield name or array subscript, if needed. (Inserting into only some fields of a composite column leaves the other fields null.)
- DEFAULT VALUES
- All columns will be filled with their default values.
- expression
- An expression or value to assign to the corresponding column.
- DEFAULT
- The corresponding column will be filled with its default value.
- query A query (SELECT statement) that supplies the rows to be
- inserted. Refer to the SELECT statement for a description of the syntax.
OUTPUTS
On successful completion, an INSERT command returns a command tag of
the form
INSERT oid count
The count is the number of rows inserted. If count is exactly one, and
the target table has OIDs, then oid is the OID assigned to the inserted
row. Otherwise oid is zero.
EXAMPLES
Insert a single row into table films:
- INSERT INTO films VALUES
- ('UA502', 'Bananas', 105, '1971-07-13', 'Comedy', '82 minutes');
- In this example, the len column is omitted and therefore it will have the default value:
- INSERT INTO films (code, title, did, date_prod, kind)
- VALUES ('T_601', 'Yojimbo', 106, '1961-06-16', 'Drama');
- This example uses the DEFAULT clause for the date columns rather than specifying a value:
- INSERT INTO films VALUES
- ('UA502', 'Bananas', 105, DEFAULT, 'Comedy', '82 minutes');
- INSERT INTO films (code, title, did, date_prod, kind)
- VALUES ('T_601', 'Yojimbo', 106, DEFAULT, 'Drama');
- To insert a row consisting entirely of default values:
- INSERT INTO films DEFAULT VALUES;
- This example inserts some rows into table films from a table tmp_films with the same column layout as films:
- INSERT INTO films SELECT * FROM tmp_films WHERE date_prod < '2004-05-07';
- This example inserts into array columns:
- -- Create an empty 3x3 gameboard for noughts-and-crosses
-- (these commands create the same board)
INSERT INTO tictactoe (game, board[1:3][1:3]) - VALUES (1,'{{"","",""},{"","",""},{"","",""}}');
- INSERT INTO tictactoe (game, board)
- VALUES (2,'{{,,},{,,},{,,}}');
COMPATIBILITY
INSERT conforms to the SQL standard. The case in which a column name
list is omitted, but not all the columns are filled from the VALUES
clause or query, is disallowed by the standard.
- Possible limitations of the query clause are documented under SELECT
[select(7)].