xfree86(1)

NAME

XFree86 - X11R6 X server

SYNOPSIS

XFree86 [:display] [option ...]

DESCRIPTION

XFree86 is an X server that was originally designed for

UNIX and UNIX-like operating systems running on Intel x86

hardware. It now runs on a wider range of hardware and OS

platforms.

This work was originally derived from X386 1.2 which was contributed to X11R5 by Snitily Graphics Consulting Ser

vice. The XFree86 X server architecture was redesigned

for the 4.0 release, and it includes among other things a

loadable module system donated by Metro Link, Inc. The

current XFree86 release is compatible with X11R6.6.

CONFIGURATIONS

XFree86 operates under a wide range of operating systems and hardware platforms. The Intel x86 (IA32) architecture

is the most widely supported hardware platform. Other

hardware platforms include Compaq Alpha, Intel IA64, SPARC

and PowerPC. The most widely supported operating systems

are the free/OpenSource UNIX-like systems such as Linux,

FreeBSD, NetBSD and OpenBSD. Commercial UNIX operating

systems such as Solaris (x86) and UnixWare are also sup

ported. Other supported operating systems include LynxOS,

and GNU Hurd. Darwin and Mac OS X are supported with the

XDarwin(1) X server. Win32/Cygwin is supported with the

XWin X server.

NETWORK CONNECTIONS

XFree86 supports connections made using the following reliable byte-streams:

Local

On most platforms, the "Local" connection type is a

UNIX-domain socket. On some System V platforms, the

"local" connection types also include STREAMS pipes,

named pipes, and some other mechanisms.

TCPIP

XFree86 listens on port 6000+n, where n is the display number. This connection type can be disabled with the

-nolisten option (see the Xserver(1) man page for details).

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

For operating systems that support local connections other

than Unix Domain sockets (SVR3 and SVR4), there is a com

piled-in list specifying the order in which local connec

tions should be attempted. This list can be overridden by

the XLOCAL environment variable described below. If the display name indicates a best-choice connection should be

made (e.g. :0.0), each connection mechanism is tried until

a connection succeeds or no more mechanisms are available.

Note: for these OSs, the Unix Domain socket connection is

treated differently from the other local connection types.

To use it the connection must be made to unix:0.0.

The XLOCAL environment variable should contain a list of one more more of the following:

NAMED

PTS

SCO

ISC

which represent SVR4 Named Streams pipe, Old-style USL Streams pipe, SCO XSight Streams pipe, and ISC Streams pipe, respectively. You can select a single mechanism (e.g. XLOCAL=NAMED), or an ordered list (e.g. XLO_ CAL="NAMED:PTS:SCO"). This variable overrides the com piled-in defaults. For SVR4 it is recommended that NAMED be the first preference connection. The default setting is PTS:NAMED:ISC:SCO.

To globally override the compiled-in defaults, you should define (and export if using sh or ksh) XLOCAL globally. If you use startx/xinit, the definition should be at the top of your .xinitrc file. If you use xdm, the defini tions should be early on in the /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xdm/Xsession script.

OPTIONS

In addition to the normal server options described in the

Xserver(1) manual page, XFree86 accepts the following com mand line switches:

vtXX XX specifies the Virtual Terminal device number

which XFree86 will use. Without this option, XFree86 will pick the first available Virtual Ter minal that it can locate. This option applies

only to platforms such as Linux, BSD, SVR3 and

SVR4, that have virtual terminal support.

-allowMouseOpenFail

Allow the server to start up even if the mouse

device can't be opened or initialised. This is

equivalent to the AllowMouseOpenFail XF86Con fig(5x) file option.

-allowNonLocalModInDev

Allow changes to keyboard and mouse settings from

non-local clients. By default, connections from

non-local clients are not allowed to do this.

This is equivalent to the AllowNonLocalModInDev XF86Config(5x) file option.

-allowNonLocalXvidtune

Make the VidMode extension available to remote

clients. This allows the xvidtune client to con

nect from another host. This is equivalent to the

AllowNonLocalXvidtune XF86Config(5x) file option. By default non-local connections are not allowed.

-bgamma value

Set the blue gamma correction. value must be

between 0.1 and 10. The default is 1.0. Not all

drivers support this. See also the -gamma, -rgamma, and -ggamma options.

-bpp n No longer supported. Use -depth to set the color

depth, and use -fbbpp if you really need to force a non-default framebuffer (hardware) pixel format.

-configure

When this option is specified, the X server loads

all video driver modules, probes for available

hardware, and writes out an initial XF86Config(5x)

file based on what was detected. This option cur

rently has some problems on some platforms, but in

most cases it is a good way to bootstrap the con

figuration process. This option is only available

when the server is run as root (i.e, with real-uid

0).

-crt /dev/ttyXX

SCO only. This is the same as the vt option, and

is provided for compatibility with the native SCO

X server.

-depth n

Sets the default color depth. Legal values are 1,

4, 8, 15, 16, and 24. Not all drivers support all

values.

-disableModInDev

Disable dynamic modification of input device set

tings. This is equivalent to the DisableModInDev XF86Config(5x) file option.

-disableVidMode

Disable the the parts of the VidMode extension

(used by the xvidtune client) that can be used to

change the video modes. This is equivalent to the

DisableVidModeExtension XF86Config(5x) file option.

-fbbpp n

Sets the number of framebuffer bits per pixel.

You should only set this if you're sure it's nec

essary; normally the server can deduce the correct

value from -depth above. Useful if you want to run a depth 24 configuration with a 24 bpp frame

buffer rather than the (possibly default) 32 bpp

framebuffer (or vice versa). Legal values are 1,

8, 16, 24, 32. Not all drivers support all val

ues.

-flipPixels

Swap the default values for the black and white

pixels.

-gamma value

Set the gamma correction. value must be between

0.1 and 10. The default is 1.0. This value is

applied equally to the R, G and B values. Those

values can be set independently with the -rgamma, -bgamma, and -ggamma options. Not all drivers support this.

-ggamma value

Set the green gamma correction. value must be

between 0.1 and 10. The default is 1.0. Not all

drivers support this. See also the -gamma, -rgamma, and -bgamma options.

-ignoreABI

The X server checks the ABI revision levels of

each module that it loads. It will normally

refuse to load modules with ABI revisions that are

newer than the server's. This is because such

modules might use interfaces that the server does

not have. When this option is specified, mis

matches like this are downgraded from fatal errors

to warnings. This option should be used with

care.

-keeptty

Prevent the server from detaching its initial con

trolling terminal. This option is only useful

when debugging the server. Not all platforms sup

port (or can use) this option.

-keyboard keyboard-name

Use the XF86Config(5x) file InputDevice section called keyboard-name as the core keyboard. This option is ignored when the Layout section speci

fies a core keyboard. In the absence of both a

Layout section and this option, the first relevant

InputDevice section is used for the core keyboard.

-layout layout-name

Use the XF86Config(5x) file Layout section called layout-name. By default the first Layout section is used.

-logfile filename

Use the file called filename as the X server log file. The default log file is

/var/log/XFree86.n.log on most platforms, where n is the display number of the X server. The

default may be in a different directory on some

platforms. This option is only available when the

server is run as root (i.e, with real-uid 0).

-logverbose [n]

Sets the verbosity level for information printed

to the X server log file. If the n value isn't

supplied, each occurrance of this option incre

ments the log file verbosity level. When the n

value is supplied, the log file verbosity level is

set to that value. The default log file verbosity

level is 3.

-modulepath searchpath

Set the module search path to searchpath. search_ path is a comma separated list of directories to

search for X server modules. This option is only

available when the server is run as root (i.e,

with real-uid 0).

-nosilk Disable Silken Mouse support.

-pixmap24

Set the internal pixmap format for depth 24

pixmaps to 24 bits per pixel. The default is usu

ally 32 bits per pixel. There is normally little

reason to use this option. Some client applica

tions don't like this pixmap format, even though

it is a perfectly legal format. This is equvalent

to the Pixmap XF86Config(5x) file option.

-pixmap32

Set the internal pixmap format for depth 24

pixmaps to 32 bits per pixel. This is usually the

default. This is equvalent to the Pixmap XF86Con

fig(5x) file option.

-pointer pointer-name

Use the XF86Config(5x) file InputDevice section called pointer-name as the core pointer. This option is ignored when the Layout section speci

fies a core pointer. In the absence of both a

Layout section and this option, the first relevant

InputDevice section is used for the core pointer.

-probeonly

Causes the server to exit after the device probing

stage. The XF86Config file is still used when

this option is given, so information that can be

auto-detected should be commented out.

-quiet Suppress most informational messages at startup.

The verbosity level is set to zero.

-rgamma value

Set the red gamma correction. value must be

between 0.1 and 10. The default is 1.0. Not all

drivers support this. See also the -gamma, -bgamma, and -ggamma options.

-scanpci

When this option is specified, the X server scans

the PCI bus, and prints out some information about

each device that was detected. See also scan

pci(1) and pcitweak(1).

-screen screen-name

Use the XF86Config(5x) file Screen section called screen-name. By default the screens referenced by the default Layout section are used, or the first Screen section when there are no Layout sections.

-showconfig

This is the same as the -version option, and is included for compatibility reasons. It may be

removed in a future release, so the -version option should be used instead.

-weight nnn

Set RGB weighting at 16 bpp. The default is 565.

This applies only to those drivers which support

16 bpp.

-verbose [n]

Sets the verbosity level for information printed

on stderr. If the n value isn't supplied, each

occurrance of this option increments the verbosity

level. When the n value is supplied, the ver

bosity level is set to that value. The default

verbosity level is 0.

-version

Print out the server version, patchlevel, release

date, the operating system/platform it was built

on, and whether it includes module loader support.

-xf86config file

Read the server configuration from file. This

option will work for any file when the server is

run as root (i.e, with real-uid 0), or for files

relative to a directory in the config search path

for all other users.

KEYBOARD

The XFree86 server is normally configured to recognize

various special combinations of key presses that instruct

the server to perform some action, rather than just send

ing the keypress event to a client application. The

default XKEYBOARD keymap defines the key combinations

listed below. The server also has these key combinations

builtin to its event handler for cases where the XKEYBOARD

extension is not being used. When using the XKEYBOARD

extension, which key combinations perform which actions is

completely configurable.

For more information about when the builtin event handler

is used to recognize the special key combinations, see the

documentation on the HandleSpecialKeys option in the XF86Config(5x) man page.

The special combinations of key presses recognized

directly by XFree86 are:

Ctrl+Alt+Backspace

Immediately kills the server -- no questions

asked. This can be disabled with the DontZap XF86Config(5x) file option.

Ctrl+Alt+Keypad-Plus

Change video mode to next one specified in the

configuration file. This can be disabled with the

DontZoom XF86Config(5x) file option.

Ctrl+Alt+Keypad-Minus

Change video mode to previous one specified in the

configuration file. This can be disabled with the

DontZoom XF86Config(5x) file option.

Ctrl+Alt+Keypad-Multiply

Not treated specially by default. If the Allow

ClosedownGrabs XF86Config(5x) file option is spec ified, this key sequence kills clients with an

active keyboard or mouse grab as well as killing

any application that may have locked the server,

normally using the XGrabServer(3x) Xlib function.

Ctrl+Alt+Keypad-Divide

Not treated specially by default. If the AllowDe activateGrabs XF86Config(5x) file option is speci fied, this key sequence deactivates any active

keyboard and mouse grabs.

Ctrl+Alt+F1...F12

For BSD and Linux systems with virtual terminal

support, these keystroke combinations are used to

switch to virtual terminals 1 through 12, respec

tively. This can be disabled with the

DontVTSwitch XF86Config(5x) file option.

SETUP

XFree86 uses a configuration file called XF86Config for its initial setup. Refer to the XF86Config(5x) manual page for information about the format of this file.

FILES

The X server config file can be found in a range of

locations. These are documented fully in the XF86Con_ fig(5x) manual page. The most commonly used locations are shown here.

/etc/X11/XF86Config Server configuration file

/etc/X11/XF86Config-4 Server configuration file

/etc/XF86Config Server configuration file

/usr/X11R6/etc/XF86Config Server configuration file

/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/XF86Config Server configuration file

/var/log/XFree86.n.log Server log file for display: n.
/usr/X11R6/bin/* Client binaries
/usr/X11R6/include/* Header files
/usr/X11R6/lib/* Libraries
/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/* Fonts
/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/rgb.txt Color names to RGB mapping
/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/XErrorDB Client error message: database
/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/app-defaults/*: Client resource specifica
tions
/usr/X11R6/man/man?/* Manual pages
/etc/Xn.hosts Initial access control list: for display n

AUTHORS

XFree86 has many contributors world wide. The names of

most of them can be found in the documentation, CHANGELOG

files in the source tree, and in the actual source code.

XFree86 was originally based on X386 1.2 by Thomas Roell, which was contributed to the then X Consortium's X11R5

distribution by SGCS.

The project that became XFree86 was originally founded in

1992 by David Dawes, Glenn Lai, Jim Tsillas and David Wex

elblat.

XFree86 was later integrated in the then X Consortium's X11R6 release by a group of dedicated XFree86 developers, including the following:

Stuart Anderson anderson@metrolink.com Doug Anson danson@lgc.com

Gertjan Akkerman akkerman@dutiba.twi.tudelft.nl Mike Bernson mike@mbsun.mlb.org Robin Cutshaw robin@XFree86.org David Dawes dawes@XFree86.org Marc Evans marc@XFree86.org Pascal Haible haible@izfm.uni-stuttgart.de Matthieu Herrb Matthieu.Herrb@laas.fr Dirk Hohndel hohndel@XFree86.org David Holland davidh@use.com

Alan Hourihane alanh@fairlite.demon.co.uk Jeffrey Hsu hsu@soda.berkeley.edu Glenn Lai glenn@cs.utexas.edu Ted Lemon mellon@ncd.com

Rich Murphey rich@XFree86.org Hans Nasten nasten@everyware.se Mark Snitily mark@sgcs.com

Randy Terbush randyt@cse.unl.edu Jon Tombs tombs@XFree86.org Kees Verstoep versto@cs.vu.nl

Paul Vixie paul@vix.com

Mark Weaver Mark_Weaver@brown.edu David Wexelblat dwex@XFree86.org Philip Wheatley Philip.Wheatley@ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM Thomas Wolfram wolf@prz.tu-berlin.de Orest Zborowski orestz@eskimo.com

The current XFree86 core team consists of:

Stuart Anderson anderson@netsweng.com Robin Cutshaw robin@xfree86.org David Dawes dawes@xfree86.org Egbert Eich eich@xfree86.org Marc Evans marc@xfree86.org Dirk Hohndel hohndel@xfree86.org Alan Hourihane alanh@xfree86.org Harald Koenig koenig@xfree86.org Marc La France tsi@xfree86.org

Kevin Martin martin@xfree86.org Rich Murphey rich@xfree86.org Takaaki Nomura amadeus@yk.rim.or.jp Keith Packard keithp@xfree86.org Jon Tombs jon@gtex02.us.es Mark Vojkovich markv@xfree86.org David Wexelblat dwex@xfree86.org

XFree86 source is available from the FTP server <ftp://ftp.XFree86.org/pub/XFree86/>, and from the XFree86 CVS server <http://www.xfree86.org/cvs/>. Documentation and other information can be found from the XFree86 web site <http://www.xfree86.org/>.

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xfree86(1)

NAME

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CONFIGURATIONS

NETWORK CONNECTIONS

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

OPTIONS

KEYBOARD

SETUP

FILES

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS