calctool(1)
NAME
calctool - a simple calculator
SYNOPSIS
calctool [ -a accuracy ] [ -d display ] [ -g geometry ] [ -h helpfile ] [ -i ] [ -v ] [ -Wi ] [ -Wp x y ] [ -WP x y ]
DESCRIPTION
Calctool is a simple calculator. It contains graphical
interfaces for MGR, NeWS, SunView, X11 and XView, as well
as being able to function on normal display terminals
using a termcap interface. It can receive input via the
keyboard, or the mouse where applicable. Each calculator
button has two functions associated with it.
Internal arithmetic is done with double precision floating
point numbers. Accuracy can be adjusted from zero to nine
numeric places in fixed notation, but numbers can be dis
played in scientific notation as well. The calculator
reverts to scientific notation when the number is larger
than the display would allow in fixed notation. The base
of operation can be changed between binary, octal, decimal
and hexidecimal. Numbers are initially displayed in fixed
notation to two numeric places, in the decimal base.
You can use the SunView / XView Put and Get function keys
in conjunction with the numeric display to store or
retrieve characters from the text shelf. The previous
digit entered can be removed and the whole display
cleared.
There are ten memory registers; numbers can be retrieved
or stored in these locations, and arithmetic can be per
formed upon register contents.
The display windows contains the current numerical value
plus the current base and trigonometric type. There are
also indicators which show if the hyperbolic and inverse
function switches are set, and which numerical mode is
currently in operation. If an operation needing more than
one numerical input is partially complete, the operation
is also displayed in this window as a reminder.
The calculator has arithmetical, logical and trigonometri
cal functions. These are grouped together and color coded
on color workstations.
With the SunView, X11, and XView versions, there is sup
port for popup menus with the right mouse button. Only
certain buttons which have multiple options have this
ability. These are the ACC, CON, EXCH, FUN, <, >, RCL and
STO keys.
For X11 interface a bit input menu popup exist. With this
popup single bits of an unsigned integer can be changed.
To activate/deactivate this the right mouse button have to
be clicked into the number display of calctool. If the
left mouse button is used and no other cut buffer is
active the current display value is stored in the cut
buffer.
Online help is provided via a help button. Select this
button, and then the function you wish to be described.
The calctool windows can be redrawn by typing ^L (controll). This is very useful with the tty version after some
body has written system messages all over your screen.
On startup, calctool will look for a .calctoolrc file in
the users' home directory. This file allows the user to
define their own constants and function definitions. It
then looks for a .calctoolrc file in the current direc
tory. With the .calctoolrc file, there are currently four
valid record types; comments, constants, function defini
tions and initial memory register values.
Lines starting with a '#' are treated as comments and
ignored.
Lines starting with 'c' or 'C' in the first column are
definitions for constants. The cC is followed by a digit
in the range 0-9, then a space. This is followed by a
number in fixed or scientific notation. Following this is
an optional comment, which if found, will be used in the
popup menu for the constants. If the comment is present,
then there must be at least one space between this and the
preceding number.
Lines starting with 'f' or 'F' in the first column are
definitions for functions. The fF is followed by a digit
in the range 0-9, then a space. This is followed by a
function definition. Following this is an optional com
ment, which if found, will be used in the popup menu for
the functions. If the comment is present, then there must
be at least one space between this and the preceding func
tion definition.
Lines starting with 'r' or 'R' in the first column are
definitions for the initial contents of the memory regis
ters. The rR is followed by a digit in the range 0-9, then
a space. This is followed by a number in fixed or scien
tific notation. The rest of the line is ignored.
All other lines are ignored. There should be no embedded
spaces in the function definitions. Whenever a backslash
is found, this and the following character signify a con
trol character, for example would be ASCII 7.
OPTIONS
- -a accuracy
- Initial number of significant digits displayed.
This value must be in the range 0 to 9. If not
specified, this value defaults to 2. - -d display
- Used with the X11 variant of calctool to give a
display type. - -g geometry
- Used with the X11 variant of calctool to give geom
etry information. - -h helpfile
- Use an alternate helpfile.
- -i Invert the calctool window before displaying it.
- For use by people who started their graphics envi
ronment in inverse mode. - -v Print the version number of this release of the
- calctool program.
- -Wi Start the calctool program up in iconic form. Sun
- View automatically uses this flag, but the NeWS
version will also. - -Wp x y
- Start the open window position at x y
- -WP x y
- Start the icon position at x y
CALCULATOR BUTTONS
- [Keyboard equivalents appear in brackets]
- Numerical Keys [ 0-9 a-f . = <RETURN> ].
- Enter a digit (decimal digits 0-9 or hexidecimal digits AF) in the display. The . acts as the decimal point and =
is used for completion of numerical entry (<RETURN> can be
also be used from the keyboard to terminate numerical
entry). - Arithmetical Operations [ + - x X * / ].
- Perform an arithmetical operation using the previous entry
and the next entry as operands. Addition, subtraction,
multiplication and division are denoted by the buttons +,
-, x and / respectively (the keyboard keys * and X are
synonymous with x for multiplication). - Base Changes.
- BIN [ B ] Change display base to binary (maximum:
32 digits).
- OCT [ O ] Change display base to octal (maximum:
- 15 digits). are allowed.
- DEC [ D ] Change display base to decimal (default;
- maximum: 12 digits).
- HEX [ H ] Change display base to hexidecimal (max
- imum: 12 digits).
- Trigonometric Unit Changes.
- DEG [ ^d ] Change current trigonometrical base to
degrees.
- RAD [ ^r ] Change the current trigonometrical base
- to radians.
- GRAD [ ^g ] Change the current trigonometrical base
- to gradients.
- Logical Operations.
- AND [ & ] Perform a logical AND operation on the
current entry and the next entry, treat
ing both numbers as unsigned long inte
gers. - NOT [ ~ ] Perform the logical NOT operation of the
- current entry.
- OR [ | ] Perform a logical OR operation on the
- current entry and the next entry, treat
ing both numbers as unsigned long
integers. - XNOR [ n or N ] Perform a logical XNOR operation on the
- current entry and the next entry, treat
ing both numbers as unsigned long inte
gers. - XOR [ ^ ] Perform a logical XOR operation on the
- current entry and the next entry, treat
ing both numbers as unsigned long inte
gers. - Trigonometrical Operators.
- SIN [ ^s ] Return the trigonometric sine, arc sine
hyperbolic sine or inverse hyperbolic
sine of the current display, depending
upon the current settings of the hyper
bolic and inverse function switches. The
result is displayed in the current
trigonometric units (degrees, radians or
gradients). - COS [ ^c ] Return the trigonometric cosine, arc
- cosine hyperbolic cosine or inverse
hyperbolic cosine of the current dis
play, depending upon the current set
tings of the hyperbolic and inverse
function switches. The result is dis
played in the current trigonometric
units (degrees, radians or gradients). - TAN [ ^t ] Return the trigonometric tangent, arc
- tangent hyperbolic tangent or inverse
hyperbolic tangent of the current dis
play, depending upon the current set
tings of the hyperbolic and inverse
function switches. The result is dis
played in the current trigonometric
units (degrees, radians or gradients). - Memory Register Operators.
- RCL [ r ] Retrieve memory register n. This selec
tion must be followed by a digit in the
range 0 to 9 to indicate a memory regis
ter. - STO [ s ] Store memory register n. This must be
- followed by a digit in the range 0 to 9
to indicate a memory register. The reg
ister number may be preceded by an
arithmetic operation (addition, subtrac
tion, multiplication or division), in
which case the specifed operation is
carred out between the displayed entry
and the value currently in register n,
and the result is placed in register n. - EXCH [ ^e ] Exchange the current display with the
- contents of memory register n. This
selection must be followed by a digit in
the range 0 to 9, to indicate a memory
register. - Mathematical Operators.
- % [ % ] Perform a percentage calculation using
the last entry and the next entry.
- e^x [ { ] Return e raised to the power of the cur
- rent entry.
- 10^x [ } ] Return 10 raised to the power of the
- current entry.
- y^x [ Y ] Take the last entry and raise it to the
- power of the next entry.
- ln [ N ] Return the natural logarithm of the cur
- rent entry.
- log [ G ] Returns the base 10 logarithm of the
- current entry.
- SQRT [ S ] Perform a square root operation on the
- current entry.
- 1/x [ R ] Return the value of 1 divided by the
- current entry.
- x! [ ! ] Return the factorial of the current
- entry. Note that this only works for
positive integers. - x^2 [ @ ] Return the square of the current entry.
- Number Manipulation Operators.
- < [ < ] Left shift n places. This must be fol
lowed by a digit in the range 0 to 9 to
indicate the number of places to shift. - > [ > ] Right shift n places. This must be fol
- lowed by a digit in the range 0 to 9 to
indicate the number of places to shift. - &32 [ [ ] Truncate the current entry to a 32 bit
- unsigned integer (logical function).
- &16 [ ] ] Truncate the given number to a 16 bit
- unsigned integer (logical function).
- clr [ Delete ] Clear the calculator display.
- bsp [ BackSpace ]
- Remove the rightmost character of the
current entry and recalculate the the
displayed value (note: internal accuracy
is lost with this operation). - INT [ I ] Return the integer portion of the cur
- rent entry.
- FRAC [ F ] Return the fractional portion of the
- current entry.
- ACC [ A ] Set accuracy. This must be followed by a
- digit in the range 0 to 9 to indicate
how many digits are to be displayed. - CHS [ C ] Change the arithmetic sign of the cur
- rent entry.
- ABS [ U ] Return the absolute value of the current
- entry.
- Other keys.
- MEM [ M ] Toggle the display of the popup register
window. Values of the ten memory regis
ters are displayed in the current base,
to the current accuracy. - FIX / SCI [ ^n ] Toggles the numerical display mode
- between fixed point and scientific nota
tion. This affects the current display
and the contents of the memory regis
ters. - CON [ # ] Retrieve and display constant value n.
- This selection must be followed by a
digit in the range 0 to 9.
The ten default constants are: - 0 - kms per hour / miles per hour.
1 - square root of 2.
2 - e.
3 - pi.
4 - cms / inches.
5 - degrees in a radian.
4 - 2 ^ 20.
6 - gms / oz.
8 - kilojoules / British thermals.
9 - cubic cms / cubic inches. - HYP [ h ] Set or unset the hyperbolic function
- indicator. This switch affects the type
of sine, cosine and tangent trigonomet
ric functions performed. - INV [ i ] Set or unset the inverse function indi
- cator. This switch affects the type of
sine, cosine and tangent trigonometric
functions performed. - KEYS [ K ] Toggle the labels on the calctool but
- tons between mouse and keyboard equiva
lents. - ? [ ? ] Display a help message for a particular
- button. First select this key, then the
key to be described. - QUIT [q or Q] Exit (without user verification).
- OFF [ o ] Change calctool to an icon.
FILES
/usr/X11R6/lib/calctool.help
~/.calctoolrc
BUGS
Handling of errors generated by the mathematical routines
is poorly done.
AUTHOR
- ArrayOriginal manual page modified by R. P. C. Rodgers, UCSF
School of Pharmacy, San Francisco, CA 94143.