BOZOHTTPD(8)

NAME

bozohttpd -- hyper text transfer protocol version 1.1 daemon

SYNOPSIS

bozohttpd [-HVXbefnrus] [-C suffix cgihandler] [-I port]
          [-M suffix type encoding encoding11] [-S server_software]
          [-c cgibin] [-i address] [-p pubdir] [-t chrootdir]
          [-v virtualroot] [-x index] [-Z cert privkey] slashdir [myname]

DESCRIPTION

The bozohttpd program reads a HTTP request from the standard input, and sends a reply to the standard output. Besides ~user translation and virtual hosting support (see below), all file requests are from slashdir directory. The server uses myname as its name, which defaults to the local hostname, obtained from gethostname(3) (but see the -v option for virtual hosting.) bozohttpd writes logs to syslog(3) using the ftp facaility (but see the -s option for testing.) bozohttpd is designed to be small, simple and relatively featureless, hopefully increasing its
security.
OPTIONS: The following options are available:; -b This option enables daemon mode, where bozohttpd detaches from
the current terminal, running in the background and servicing HTTP requests.
-C suffix cgihandler: This option adds a new CGI handler program for a particular
file type. The suffix should be any normal file suffix, and the cgihandler should be a full path to an interpreter. This option is the only way to enable CGI programs that exist outside of the cgibin directory to be executed. Multiple -C options may be passed.
-c cgibin This option enables the CGI/1.1 interface. The cgibin direc: tory is expected to contain the CGI programs to be used.
bozohttpd looks for URL's in the form of /cgi-bin/<scriptname> where <scriptname> is a valid CGI program in the cgibin directory. In other words, all CGI URL's must begin with
/cgi-bin/. Note that the CGI/1.1 interface is not available with ~user translation.
-e This option causes bozohttpd to not clear the environment when: used with either the -t or -U options.
-f This option stops the -b flag from bozohttpd detaching from: the tty and going into the background.
-H This option causes directory index mode to hide files and: directories that start with a period, except for ... Also see -X.
-I port This option is only valid with the -b option. It causes port: to use used as the port to bind daemon mode. The default is
the ``http'' port.
-i address: This option is only valid with the -b option. It causes
address to use used as the address to bind daemon mode. If otherwise unspecified, the address used to bind is derived
from the myname, which defaults to the name returned by gethostname(3). Only the last -i option is used.
-M suffix type encoding encoding11: This option adds a new entry to the table that converts file
suffixes to content type and encoding. This option takes four additional arguments containing the file prefix, its
``Content-Type'', ``Content-Encoding'', and
``Content-Encoding'' for HTTP/1.1 connections, respectively.
If any of these are a single dash (``-''), the empty string is used instead. Multiple -M options may be passed.
-n This option stops bozohttpd from doing IP address to name res: olution of hosts for setting the REMOTE_HOST variable before
running a CGI program. This option has no effect without the -c option.
-p pubdir This option changes the default user directory for /~user/: translations from ``public_html'' to pubdir.
-r This option forces pages besides the ``index.html'' (see the: -X option) page to require that the Referrer: header be
present and refer to this web server, otherwise a redirect to the ``index.html'' page will be returned instead.
-S server_software: This option sets the internal server version to
server_software.
-s This option forces logging to be set to stderr always.
-t chrootdir: When this option is used, bozohttpd will chroot to the specified directory before answering requests. Every other path
should be specified relative to the new root, if this option
is used. Note that the current environment is normally
replaced with an empty environment with this option, unless
the -e option is also used.
-U username: This option causes bozohttpd to switch to the user and the groups of username after initialization. This option, like -t above, causes bozohttpd to clear the environment unless the -e option is given.
-u This option enables the transformation of Uniform Resource: Locators of the form /~user/ into the the directory ~user/public_html (but see the -p option above).
-V This option sets the default virtual host directory to: slashdir. If no directory exists in virtualroot for the request, then slashdir will be used. The default behaviour is to return 404 (Not Found.)
-v virtualroot: This option enables virtual hosting support. Directories in
virtualroot will be searched for a matching virtual host name, when parsing the HTML request. If a matching name is found,
it will be used as both the server's real name, [myname], and as the slashdir. See the EXAMPLES section for an example of using this option.
-X This option enables directory indexing. A directory index: will be generated only when the default file (i.e. index.html normally) is not present.
-x index This option changes the default file read for directories from: ``index.html'' to index.
-Z certificate_path privatekey_path: This option sets the path to the server certificate file and
the private key file in pem format. It also causes bozohttpd to start SSL mode.
Note that in bozohttpd versions 20031005 and prior that supported the -C and -M options, they took a single space-separated argument that was parsed. since version 20040828, they take multiple options (2 in the
case of -C and 4 in the case of -M.)
INETD CONFIGURATION: As bozohttpd uses inetd(8) by default to process incoming TCP connections for HTTP requests (but see the -b option), bozohttpd has little internal networking knowledge. (Indeed, you can run it on the command line with
little change of functionality.) A typical inetd.conf(5) entry would be:; http stream tcp nowait:600 httpd /usr/pkg/libexec/bozohttpd bozohttpd /var/www http stream tcp6 nowait:600 httpd /usr/pkg/libexec/bozohttpd bozohttpd /var/www; This would serve web pages from /var/www on both IPv4 and IPv6 ports. The :600 changes the requests per minute to 600, up from the inetd(8) default of 40.; Using the NetBSD inetd(8), you can provide multiple IP-address based HTTP servers by having multiple listening ports with different configurations.
NOTES: This server supports the HTTP/0.9, HTTP/1.0, and HTTP/1.1 standards. Support for these protocols is very minimal and many optional features
are not supported.; bozohttpd can be compiled without CGI support (NO_CGIBIN_SUPPORT), user transformations (NO_USER_SUPPORT), directory index support
(NO_DIRINDEX_SUPPORT), daemon mode support (NO_DAEMON_MODE), and dynamic MIME content (NO_DYNAMIC_CONTENT), and SSL support (NO_SSL_SUPPORT) by
defining the listed macros when building bozohttpd.
HTTP BASIC AUTHORISATION: bozohttpd has support for HTTP Basic Authorisation. If a file named .htpasswd exists in the directory of the current request, bozohttpd will restrict access to documents in that directory using the RFC 2617 HTTP
``Basic'' authentication scheme.; Note: This does not recursively protect any sub-directories.; The .htpasswd file contains lines delimited with a colon containing usernames and passwords hashed with crypt(3), for example:; heather:$1$pZWI4tH/$DzDPl63i6VvVRv2lJNV7k1
jeremy:A.xewbx2DpQ8I; On NetBSD, the pwhash(1) utility may be used to generate hashed passwords.; While bozohttpd distributed with NetBSD has support for HTTP Basic Authorisation enabled by default, in the portable distribution it is excluded. Compile bozohttpd with ``-DDO_HTPASSWD'' on the compiler command line to enable this support. It may require linking with the crypt library,
using ``-lcrypt''.
SSL SUPPORT: bozohttpd has support for SSLv2, SSLv3, and TLSv1 protocols that is included by default. It requires linking with the crypto and ssl
library, using ``-lcrypto -lssl''. To disable SSL SUPPORT compile
bozohttpd with ``-DNO_SSL_SUPPORT'' on the compiler command line.

FILES

bozohttpd looks for a couple of special files in directories that allow certain features to be provided on a per-directory basis. In addition to the .htpasswd used by HTTP basic authorisation, if a .bzdirect file is found (contents are irrelevant) bozohttpd will allow direct access even with the -r option. If a .bzredirect symbolic link is found, bozohttpd will perform a smart redirect to the target of this symlink. The target is assumed to live on the same server. If a .bzabsredirect symbolic link is found, bozohttpd will redirect to the absolute url pointed to by this symlink. This is useful to redirect to different servers.

EXAMPLES

To configure set of virtual hosts, one would use an inetd.conf(5) entry
like:

http stream tcp nowait:600 httpd /usr/pkg/libexec/bozohttpd bozohttpd -v /var/vroot /var/www

and inside /var/vroot create a directory (or a symlink to a directory) with the same name as the virtual host, for each virtual host. Lookups
for these names are done in a case-insensitive manner.

To use bozohttpd with PHP, one must use the -C option to specify a CGI handler for a particular file type. Typically this, this will be like:

bozohttpd -C .php /usr/pkg/bin/php /var/www

HISTORY

The bozohttpd program was first written in perl, based on another perl http server called ``tinyhttpd''. It was then rewritten from scratch in perl, and then once again in C. The focus has always been simplicity and security, with minimal features and regular code audits. This manual
documents bozohttpd version 20100621.

AUTHORS

bozohttpd was written by Matthew R. Green <mrg@eterna.com.au>.

The large list of contributors includes:

- Arnaud Lacombe <alc@netbsd.org> provided some clean up for memory: leaks
- Christoph Badura <bad@bsd.de> provided Range: header support
- Julian Coleman <jdc@coris.org.uk> provided an IPv6 bugfix
- Chuck Cranor <chuck@research.att.com> provided cgi-bin support fixes,: and more
- DEGROOTE Arnaud <degroote@netbsd.org> provided a fix for daemon mode
- Andrew Doran <ad@netbsd.org> provided directory indexing support
- Per Ekman <pek@pdc.kth.se> provided a fix for a minor (non-security): buffer overflow condition
- Alistair G. Crooks <agc@netbsd.org> cleaned up many internal inter: faces, made bozohttpd linkable as a library and provided the lua
binding.
- Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino, KAME <itojun@iijlab.net> provided initial: IPv6 support
- Martin Husemann <martin@netbsd.org> provided .bzabsredirect support
- Arto Huusko <arto.huusko@pp2.inet.fi> provided fixes cgi-bin
- Roland Illig <roland.illig@gmx.de> provided some off-by-one fixes
- Zak Johnson <zakj@nox.cx> provided cgi-bin enhancements
- Nicolas Jombart <ecu@ipv42.net> provided fixes for HTTP basic autho: risation support
- Thomas Klausner <wiz@danbala.ifoer.tuwien.ac.at> provided many fixes: and enhancements for the man page
- Johnny Lam <jlam@netbsd.org> provided man page fixes
- Luke Mewburn <lukem@netbsd.org> provided many various fixes, includ: ing cgi-bin fixes and enhancements, HTTP basic authorisation support and much code clean up
- Jeremy C. Reed <reed@netbsd.org> provided several clean up fixes, and: man page updates
- Scott Reynolds <scottr@netbsd.org> provided various fixes
- Tyler Retzlaff <rtr@eterna.com.au> provided SSL support, cgi-bin: fixes and much other random other stuff
- Steve Rumble <rumble@ephemeral.org> provided the -V option.
- Joerg Sonnenberger <joerg@netbsd.org> implemented If-Modified-Since: support
- ISIHARA Takanori <ishit@oak.dti.ne.jp> provided a man page fix
- Holger Weiss <holger@CIS.FU-Berlin.DE> provided http authorisation: fixes
- <xs@kittenz.org> provided chroot and change-to-user support, and: other various fixes
- Coyote Point provided various CGI fixes
There are probably others I have forgotten (let me know if you care)
Please send all updates to bozohttpd to <mrg@eterna.com.au> for inclusion in future releaases.

BUGS

bozohttpd does not handled HTTP/1.1 chunked input from the client yet.

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