PIMD(8)

NAME

pimd -- PIM-SM v2 dynamic multicast routing daemon

SYNOPSIS

pimd [-fhlNqr] [-c FILE] [-d [[LEVEL[,LEVEL,...]]]

DESCRIPTION

pimd is a lightweight stand-alone PIM-SM v2 multicast routing daemon. This is the original USC (netweb/catarina) implementation of the protocol, which nowadays is fully free to use under the 3-clause BSD license.

Protocol Independent Multicast - Sparse Mode (PIM-SM): +o maintains the traditional IP multicast service model of receiver-ini: tiated membership;
+o uses explicit joins that propagate hop-by-hop from members' directly: connected routers toward the distribution tree.
+o builds a shared multicast distribution tree centered at a Rendezvous: Point, and then builds source-specific trees for those sources whose data traffic warrants it.
+o is not dependent on a specific unicast routing protocol; and +o uses soft-state mechanisms to adapt to underlying network conditions: and group dynamics.
The robustness, flexibility, and scaling properties of this architecture make it well suited to large heterogeneous internetworks.
pimd implements RFC 2362, which has been obsoleted by RFC 4601. Please see the TODO file for more information on this.

OPTIONS

This program follows the usual UNIX command line syntax, with long
options starting with two dashes (`-'). The options are as follows:

-h, --help: Print a help message and exit.
-c, --config=FILE: Specify an alternative configuration file, instead of the default /etc/pimd.conf.
-d, --debug[=LEVEL[,LEVEL...]: By default, pimd detaches from the invoking terminal. If this option is specified, pimd it runs in foreground of the starting terminal and responds to signals. If -d is given with no argument, the debug level defaults to igmp, cache, interface, groups, prunes, routes and peers.; Regardless of the debug level, pimd always writes warning and error messages to the system log daemon. Debug levels have the
following effects:

packet
Debug inbound/outbout packets

prunes

Pruning operations, or pruned routes

routes

Routing messages

rtdetail

Detailed routing information

peers

Neighbor gossip

cache

Debug routing cache

timeout

Debug timeouts

interface

Show interface, or vif, debug messages

groups

Debug group memberships

mtrace

Multicast traceroute information

igmp Debug IGMP messages
icmp Debug ICMP messages
rsrr Debug RSRR messages
pim All PIM messages
pim_routes

PIM routing messages

pim_bsr

PIM bootstrap router messages

pim_detail

Detailed PIM debug

pim_hello

Debug hello messages to/from neighbors
-f, --foreground: Run in foreground, do not detach from calling terminal
-l, --reload-config: Tell a running pimd to reload its configuration. This is done by sending a SIGHUP to the PID listed in /var/run/pimd.pid.
-N, --disable-vifs: Disable all virtual interfaces (phyint) by default
-q, --quit-daemon: Tell a running pimd to quit. Similar to --reload-config but this command sends SIGTERM.
-r, --show-routes: Show state of VIFs and multicast routing tables. This is command sends SIGUSR1 to a running pimd, similar to --reload-config.
-v, --version: Show pimd version

CONFIGURATION

The configuration is kept in the file /etc/pimd.conf. The file format is free-form: whitespace (including newlines) is not significant. There are eight different types of configuration commands:: default_source_preference <preference>; default_source_metric <metric>; phyint <local-addr|ifname> [disable|enable] [altnet <network> masklen <masklen>] [scoped <network> masklen <masklen>] [threshold thr] [preference pref] [metric cost]; cand_rp [<local-addr>] [priority <number>] [time <number>]; cand_bootstrap_router [<local-addr>] [priority <number>]; group_prefix <group-addr> [masklen <masklen>]; switch_data_threshold [rate <number> interval <number>]; switch_register_threshold [rate <number> interval <number>]
By default pimd will be activated on all multicast enabled interfaces. Use phyint to disable on interfaces where pimd should not be run. See more on phyint below.
The default_source_preference option is used by assert elections to determine upstream routers. Currently pimd cannot reliably obtain preferences and metrics from the unicast routing protocols, so a default
preference may be configured. In an assert election, the router advertising the lowest assert preference will be selected as the forwarder and upstream router for the LAN. Setting 101 should be sufficiently high so that asserts from Cisco or GateD routers are prefered over poor-little
pimd.
It is reccommended that preferences be set such that metrics are never
consulted. However, default metrics may also be set using the
default_source_metric option. This item sets the cost for sending data through this router. You want only PIM-SM data to go to this daemon; so once again, a high value is recommended to prevent accidental usage. The preferred default value is 1024.
The phyint option refers to a physical interface and must come after default_source_metric. Select the interface either by its IP address local-addr or interface name ifname (e.g. le0). If you just want to activate this interface with default values, you don't need to put anything else on the line. However, there are some additional settings:
+o disable. Do not send PIM-SM traffic through this interface nor lis: ten for PIM-SM traffic from this interface. Default: enable.
+o preference pref. This interface's value in an election. It will have: the pimd default_source_preference if not assigned.
+o metric cost. The cost of sending data through this interface. It: will have the default_source_metric if not assigned.
Add one phyint line per interface on this router. If you don't do this, pimd will simply assume that you want it to utilize all interfaces using default settings.
The cand_rp setting refers to Candidate Rendez-vous Point (CRP). It specifies which interface on this machine should be included in RP elections.
+o local-addr. The default is the highest active IP address. +o time number. The number of seconds to wait between advertising this: CRP. The default value is 60 seconds.
+o priority number. How important this CRP is compared to others. The: lower the value here, the more important the CRP.
The cand_bootstrap_router setting is similar to CRP. Only difference is the lack of a time option.
The group_prefix statement outlines the set of multicast addresses that the CRP, if it wins an election, will advertise to other routers.
+o group-addr. A specific multicast group or network range this router: will handle.
+o masklen len. The number of IP address segments taken up by the net: mask. Remember that a multicast address is a Class D and has a netmask of 240.0.0.0, which means its length is 4.
Max group_prefix multicast addresses supported in pimd is 255.
The switch_data_threshold setting defines the threshold at which transmission rates trigger the changeover from the shared tree to the RP tree;
starting the line with switch_register_threshold does the opposite in the same format. Regardless of which of these you choose, the rate option is for transmission rate in bits per second, interval is the sample rate in seconds -- with a recommended minimum of five seconds. It is recommended to have the same interval if both settings are used.

SIGNALS

pimd responds to the following signals:

HUP Restarts pimd. The configuration file is reread every time this: signal is evoked.
TERM Terminates execution gracefully (i.e. by sending good-bye messages: to all neighboring routers).
INT The same as TERM. USR1 Dumps the internal state of VIFs and multicast routing tables to: /var/tmp/pimd.dump. See also the --show-routes option above.
For convenience in sending signals, pimd writes its process ID to /var/run/pimd.pid upon startup.

FILES

/etc/pimd.conf
/var/tmp/pimd.dump
/var/run/pimd.pid

AUTHORS

pimd was written by Ahmed Helmy, George Edmond "Rusty" Eddy, and Pavlin Ivanov Radoslavov. With contributions by many others.

This manual page was initially written by Antonn Krl for the Debian
GNU/Linux system, and then updated by Joachim Nilsson for the GitHub pimd project.

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